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A single dose of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is now deemed the most efficient immunization strategy for cervical cancer prevention, according to the World Health Organization's (WHO's) Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE).  (Boden, 10/14)

New data published this week in The Lancet Infectious Diseases reveals why a phase 3 trial for a vaccine targeting extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) was discontinued early last year. (Dall, 10/14)

Intermittent hemodialysis failed to prove noninferior to continuous renal-replacement therapy for critically ill patients with acute kidney injury and was associated with a higher incidence of death, according to findings from the randomized ICRAKI trial. (Monaco, 10/14)

An accelerated course of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) hinted at the potential to treat co-existing methamphetamine use disorder and depression, early data from a small feasibility trial suggested. The protocol included 10-minute sessions of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) at least 50 minutes apart for a total of 50 sessions over 3 weeks. Before each session, participants were presented images (cues) to induce craving. (George, 10/12)

In the first large-scale study to compare phenobarbital to diazepam—a long-acting benzodiazepine—researchers found no differences in outcomes between phenobarbital and diazepam, potentially suggesting similar effectiveness. The findings appear online in JAMA Internal Medicine. (10/14)

Benzodiazepine exposure in early pregnancy wasn't associated with congenital malformations, a large cohort study showed. Across more than 4 million pregnancies, children born to women who filled a benzodiazepine prescription during the first trimester did not have elevated risk of congenital malformations compared with children of women with no such fills ... reported Kelly Fung, MS, of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston, and colleagues. (Robertson, 10/14)